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Употребление few/little, much/many, some/any, no (none)

few/a few, little/a little

We use A FEW if we have not many but enough things which we can count one by one:

'A FEW new bulbs'

We use FEW if we don't have enough things we can count:

'FEW good nails' (we need more!)

We use A LITTLE when we have not much but enough thing we can't count one by one:

'A LITTLE gold paint'

We use LITTLE when we don't have enough thing we can't count:

'Too LITTLE wallpaper' (not enough to cover the wall)

many/much

We use MANY when we mean a lot of things or ask about the quantity of things we can count one by one:

'how MANY trees are there in your garden?'
'there are not MANY trees in my garden'.

We use MUCH when we mean a lot of something or ask about
quantity of something we can't count.

'How MUCH water is there in the sea?'
'There is too MUCH water in the sea'.

more/less

When we compare the quantity of trees in a garden and in a wood we can use MORE or LESS:

'There are MORE trees in a wood than in a garden'
'There are LESS trees in a garden than in a wood'.

We can talk about uncountable things like water using MORE or LESS, too:
'I need MORE water to make the puddle into a pond'
'Puddles contain LESS water than ponds'.

some/any

We use SOME when we mean quantity of things which is between MANY and FEW, MUCH and LITTLE in positive sentences:

'Could you bring me SOME flour, please'.
'Could you bring me SOME flowers, please'.

We use ANY in the same case as SOME but in negatives and
questions:

'Are there ANY bears in the circus?'
'No, there aren't ANY bears in the circus '.

'Is there ANY beer in the fridge?'
'No, there isn't ANY beer in the fridge'.

no, none

And we need NO (NONE) if we feel unhappy:

'I am poor mouse, i have NO house'
'NO' even a single mouse in this modern house'
'I have met five mice, NONE of them was nice'